Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Crime And Criminal Justice Trends And Predictions

Violence in the criminal justice workplace- Trends and predictions Jared Hammond University of South Florida CCJ 6935 – Corrections Dr. Grosholz Spring 2015 Violence in the criminal justice workplace- Trends and predictions INTRODUCTION This literature review will analyze the rates of assaults on criminal justice practitioners, both lethal and non-lethal. For the purposes of this literature review criminal justice practitioner is defined as any law enforcement officer, corrections officer, probation officer, parole officer, and bailiff. The data will data will develop a trend through this period and identify patterns in an effort to develop an indication of what is in store in terms of violence in the criminal justice workplace. Previous research has studied the gender and characteristics of the criminal justice practitioner, victimization rates, causes of the assaults, and situation surrounding the event, time of day, day of the week, etc. Analysis of these studies, as well as potential factors that may cause the violence, will give us better insight into the problem of the use of violence against these practitioners by the public. The findings will likely suggest that violence against criminal justice practitione rs is trending higher, however fatalities are trending lower. This may be the result of improved training and equipment or a better attitude towards the criminal justice practitioners by the public. Most likely, it is a combination of both. LITERATUREShow MoreRelatedpredicting crime with the unifrom crime reporting system Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesPREDICTING CRIME WITH THE UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING SYSTEM Predicting Crime With the Uniform Crime Reporting System Mitchell Adair Introduction to Criminal Justice: CJA 105-AUO A01 Argosy University 1 The Uniform Crime Reporting System is a statistical effort that is said to be cooperative of more than ten thousand state, city, and county law enforcement agencies on a basis that is considered Read MoreThe Criminal Justice System : A Diverse System Used Around The Globe1333 Words   |  6 PagesThe criminal justice system is a diverse system used around the globe. When in consideration of what the definition of the Criminal Justice system which is a law enforcement that is directly involved in apprehending, prosecuting, defending, sentencing, and punishing those who are suspected or convicted of criminal offenses (criminal justice system: definition of criminal justice system in Oxford dictionary (American English) (US), n.d.). Here have been many historical events that have led up toRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstatement to say there weren’t any trends that the criminal justice system was bein g plagued with. Between gangs, terrorism and crime in general we have a huge problem on our hands rather it be old news and a new crime trend. For the criminal justice system right now the possible retaliation from terrorist and what sort of technology advancement they might come with is going to be at the top of our list. In the past (early 2000) the criminal justice system found problems with a demandingRead MoreThe Ten-Step Investigative Strategy757 Words   |  3 Pagesto comment on the current crimes or whether there is a specific trend, an investigation has begun into the crimes and bulletins will be released quickly as information is made available. The police department has begun a 10 step investigative strategy to bring these criminals to justice in the most efficient method possible. Regarding the robberies that have already happened and any future robberies, officers are being specifically instructed to carefully draft the crime scene reports and list everythingRead MoreThe Achievement And Success Of Cyber Crimes1124 Words   |  5 PagesSuccess in Cybercrime Cyber crimes refer to crimes committed against computers, computer networks of the information stored in computers (Bronk, 2008). In the past, the main problem that law enforcement officers have faced with regard to cyber crimes has had to do with the jurisdiction. With the prominence of the internet as a means communication and computers are a means of accessing information, cyber crimes have become prevalent. However, given the realisation that cyber crimes can be committed by anyRead MoreQuantitative Research Methods For Research1077 Words   |  5 PagesQuantitative research methods are typically concerned with measuring criminological or criminal justice reality. There are a number of different quantitative research methods available to researchers, most of which fall under the rubric of a research design, which can be defined as the plan for a study that includes the exploratory, descriptive, explanatory and evaluative of an investigation. Purpose of exploratory research is to identify context, issues and concerns whereas descriptive is to provideRead MoreEssay On Criminal Justice System1070 Words   |  5 PagesDevelopment of a sound criminal justice policy means that research and statistical data must be utilized to understand where the issues that need attention are, as well as giving an idea of how to contain the damages. The (BJS), or Bureau of Justice Statistics is the primary agency of statistics for the U.S. Department of Justice. They collect, analyze, publish, and disseminates evidence on crime, those of whom commit the crimes, the victims of the crimes, as well as the operation of justice systems at allRead MoreWhy Is Discrimination Within The United States Criminal Justice System1539 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is discrimination present in the United States criminal justice system? How is the system setup for people of color to fail? This social problem is interesting for many reasons. Many people believe that racism is still a key factor in t oday’s society. The justice system, which should stand for equality and peace, in reality does spread the public’s beliefs of racism and an unfair justice system. 74.0% of blacks do not agree that the justice system treats people fairly and equally(Hurwitz andRead MoreAlgorithmic Decisionmaking : Finish Title Here1460 Words   |  6 Pageslives. Although stories like Target, Staples.com, and many others have dominated headlines, what is seldom discussed is that government agencies are increasingly using similar approaches, and the implications are troubling. From our policing and justice system to our public benefits and employment verification, data is being used to predict behavior and make decisions with little accountability and few protections for civil rights. In a recent Pew survey only about a third of Americans were confidentRead MoreCriminal Trends2477 Words   |  10 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation Heather Kyzer CJA 394: Contemporary Issues and Futures in Criminal Justice June 3, 2013 David Sicilian II Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation There is no question that crime has had and continues to hinder society. The criminal justice system is an intricate part of society and is essential that this system remains capable of adequately dealing with the latest crime trends. It was the establishment of the consistency with the Social Commission that the

Monday, December 23, 2019

Cognitive Development According to Piaget Essay - 1554 Words

Cognitive Development According to Piaget Works Cited Missing Cognitive development is defined as gradual orderly changes by which mental processes become more complex and sophisticated, or the scientific study of how human beings develop in certain orderly stages as they get older. The actual study of cognition refers to the process of knowing; it is the study of all mental activities related to acquiring, storing, and using knowledge (Microsoft, 2001, p.3). How we as humans develop cognitively has been thoroughly observed and researched by Jean Piaget. He was a cognitivist: he believed that our environment stimulates us to learn on our own (make our own intelligence). Piaget was a Swiss psychologist who had a major impact†¦show more content†¦Within the Sensory Stage, there are six sub-stages. The first sub-stage is from birth to one month, known as the reflex stage. When something enters their hand or touches their feet, they attempt to grasp it. Also, when something is placed on their lips, they try to suck on the object thinking it is food. Next is from one to four months, primary circular reaction. Now children begin to follow objects with their eyes, they have some coordinated movements (everything they hold, they put in their mouth), and they start repeated motions (kicking). Next is from four to six months, secondary circular reaction. This is when children start to coordinate their eyes with their hands, they now have foresight, and they start to act for results (behavior = attention). They start to experiment; they connect events in the places they occur ( bath in the bathtub, changing on the changing table). Also in this stage t hey develop object permanence. The fourth sub-stage is from six to twelve months, known as the coordination of secondary schema. They now have deliberate plans of exploration (know where they want to go and what they want to do when they get there). They can also play simple games, like taking objects out of a box and putting them back in. The next sub-stage is from twelve to eighteen months and is called the tertiary circular reaction stage. Children LOVE experimentation in this stage. They begin to walk and get into everything. Also in this stageShow MoreRelatedPiaget And Vygotsky Theory Of Cognitive Development Essay826 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept of cognitive development and, highlight both Piaget and Vygotsky’s theory as it relates to cognitive development, and the significant differences between them. The term cognitive development refers to the process of growth and change in intellectual, mental abilities such as thinking, reasoning and understanding. It comprises of the acquisition and consolidation of knowledge. Infants draw on social-emotional, language, motor, and perceptual experience and abilities for cognitive developmentRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive And Affective Development1693 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: The Methodology and Cognitive Theory of Jean Piaget The Methodology and Cognitive Theory of Jean Piaget Timothy Carlton Southwest Tennessee Community College A Paper Presented In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Life Span Psychology 2130-L01 July 31, 2014 â€Æ' â€Æ' Abstract Jean Piaget’s theory of Cognitive and Affective Development is a result of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding mental processes and the behaviors presented by those processes. Piaget’s theoryRead MorePiagets Theory of Cognitive Development Essays1715 Words   |  7 PagesJean Piaget (1896-1980) was a Swiss psychologist who had a lifelong interest in how individuals, especially children, use cognitive development to adapt to the world around them. Piaget published his first paper by the age of 10, completed his bachelor’s degree by the age of 18, and at the age of 22 received his PhD from the University of Neuchatel. Piaget spent many years of his life researching the developmental and cognitive knowledge of children. The Theory of Cognitive Development placesRead MoreCompare and contrast Piaget‚Äà ´s and Vygotsky‚Äà ´s theories of cognitive development in children1274 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Compare and contrast Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories of cognitive development in children. This essay will compare Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories of cognitive development in children. Also, show the differences between the two psychologist’s theories. Thus, by showing their similarities like in language and adaptation theories. Further, differences like Piaget’s theory on cognitive developmental stages and the schemas which are build to learn or accommodate new words or things. Vygostky’sRead MorePiaget And Vygotsky s Cognitive Development Theory1114 Words   |  5 Pagesabout cognitive development, you cannot help but to think about two specific contributors to this area of study, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. First, let us discuss what exactly is cognitive development. Cognitive development is the process of how thought is constructed. This includes language learning, problem solving, reasoning, decision-making, as well as any other mental abilities. Cognitive development begins in childhood and continues to develop all the way thro ugh adulthood. Piaget and VygotskyRead MoreSocio Cultural Theory And Piaget s Cognitive Development Theory1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe two theorists that I have chosen to compare are Vygotsky for his work on the socio-cultural theory and Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory. The socio-cultural theory focuses on how norms, culture, beliefs and values are passed onto the next generation in a society (Berk, 2007). Piaget was the first psychologist to study cognitive development and described his work as genetic epistemology. He was concerned with how essential concepts such as the idea of time, numbers, justice etc. arose (SieglerRead Morejean piaget1284 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Jean Piaget Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980) was employed at the Binet Institute in the 1920s, where his job was to develop French versions of questions on English intelligence tests. He became intrigued with the reasons children gave for their wrong answers on the questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrect answers revealed important differences between the thinking of adults and children. Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitiveRead MoreJean Piaget s Cognitive Theory Essay1750 Words   |  7 Pages Jean Piaget is a well-renowned twentieth century scholar responsible for the development of the Cognitive Theory, focusing on how people think over time, which, in turn, reflects in how how attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are shaped. Jean Piaget observed and divided the Cognitive Theory into four periods of cognitive development, which occur in the following order: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Of the four stages, each has it’s own characteristicsRead MoreDevelopmental Theory Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagescontributions and shortcomings of the Cognitive-Developmental theory and firstly explore the background and key concept’s of Piaget’s work behind child development. Secondly Piaget’s ideas about cognitive change and the four stages of development from birth which are the sensorimotor stage, the pre-operational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operational stage and how this impacts devel opment. Thirdly the main weaknesses of the cognitive theory and why, and look at whether anyRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory And Theory1673 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is a theory? A theory is an organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development. These are essential for developing predictions about behaviors and predictions result in research that helps to support or clarify the theory. The theorist I am choosing to talk about is Jean Piaget who discovered the cognitive development theory and who broke it down into different stages. The different stages are the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the concrete operational thought

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Code of Ethics Essay Free Essays

string(243) " are required to keep an acceptable degree of professional cognition and accomplishments in services bringing so that their clients will be better positioned to hold true studies about the personal businesss of a concern at any peculiar clip\." About every organisation. establishment and profession has a set of codification of moralss which are by and large expected to steer their stakeholders on how to manage peculiar issues within that autumn within their topographic point of work. Basically. We will write a custom essay sample on Code of Ethics Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now such codification of moralss are instituted and adopted in organisations every bit good as professions as a manner of guaranting that relevant stakeholders are in a place to pull a clear differentiation about on what is incorrect or right. Understanding the ethical codifications of a peculiar environment. be it an organisation or a profession has been found to be instrumental in assisting the stakeholders make right determinations in determination state of affairss and this fact has hence awarded codification of moralss great importance across professions. Ethical motives vary from one profession to another every bit good as from an organisation to another depending on the type of operations carried out. besides. the environment within which an organisation maps. It becomes an duty to all stakeholders in a profession. organisation or even an establishment to understand the laid down codification of moralss available as such since go againsting such qualifies to be termed as a professional misconduct and punishable under the jurisprudence. There is by and large a rich history about codification of moralss and once more. the history varies from one profession to another and besides across organisations. This paper will seek to offer a elaborate analysis of the codification of moralss that are available in accounting profession. its history of development. the beginnings from where these moralss were developed amongst other valuable issues about codification of moralss in general. It will research the major participants in the profession. who are fundamentally certified comptrollers. what outlooks are at least expectable from an comptroller in his work to their clients. every bit good as the organic structures across the Earth that has been awarded the authorization of puting the criterions or merely developing the codification of moralss for comptrollers. Accounting has grown to go one of the oldest and besides one of the most of import services that concern universe can non remain without. In the concern universe. there is the built-in demand for the concern proprietors and other stakeholders to hold perfect cognition of the province of personal businesss of the concern establishment in which they have committed their resources. of class for expected returns. To derive this sort of cognition. an person who can truthfully and candidly reflect the true fiscal place within which a concern is at any peculiar clip is needed and this can merely be a individual who have relevant analysis accomplishments. If such information is made available to the investors. clients. authoritiess and providers among others. so it becomes likely that such persons will be in a place to cognize whether a concern is doing net incomes or otherwise. If there have been steady net incomes in a peculiar concern and over a twosome of the old old ages. such a concern will stay as worthwhile investing chances to investors. a good beginning of authorities revenue enhancement to the authorities. a good determiner of how much net incomes to travel to each stockholder and would besides guarantee providers that their creditor is solvent plenty. In instance of loss. non really many net income oriented persons will desire any association with such a concern as losingss are one of the marks of insolvency. Basically. accounting information is of really of import usage in determination devising and for this ground. such information must be true and nonsubjective. Incorrect accounting information has the potency to ensue into determinations that are uneconomical in nature and this is a state of affairs which is non acceptable in the concern universe where resources are ever limited. Provision of such accounting information has hence come under really rigorous examination by organic structures which are globally recognized and mandated to give guidelines which every certified accountant must adhere to while set abouting their accounting responsibilities. Failure of attachment by comptrollers has been qualified to go a professional misconduct and in such a instance. the comptroller in inquiry becomes apt for his irresponsibleness. The ethical demands for professional comptrollers are established by the International Federation of Accountants ( I. F. A ) which besides enforces that all the guidelines are adhered to throughout the profession of accounting coverage ( Reamer. 1998 ) . Statement of Valuess IntegrityIntegrity is one of the four values that make up the codification of moralss in accounting field as a profession. An comptroller whose services have been hired by a concern entity has to show a high degree of unity in carry oning their responsibilities failure to which they can be held apt for any loss suffered. if such losingss are proven to hold been occasioned by deficiency of unity on the side of the comptroller. Integrity implies that an history under responsibility has to show that he is straightforward every bit good as honest with issues that touch on the fiscal public presentation of the entity to which he is offering accounting services. It besides implies that there has to be just traffics every bit good as truthfulness throughout the service dispensation period. This accordingly requires that accountant must non hold any association with accounting information in which they believe there are material mistakes or are misdirecting. Objectivity This is another rule in the accounting field that requires comptrollers non to let any via media on their concern or professional judgement. It states that a professional comptroller must be free from prejudice. struggle of involvement and besides undue influence while doing a concern judgement. Impaired objectiveness sums to a gross professional misconduct and relevant organic structures like the I. F. A ensures that such values are upheld throughout the profession. Diligence This means that a professional comptroller is bound by the ethical codification to distribute their services with due acre and competency. They are required to keep an acceptable degree of professional cognition and accomplishments in services bringing so that their clients will be better positioned to hold true studies about the personal businesss of a concern at any peculiar clip. You read "Code of Ethics Essay" in category "Essay examples" Informed determinations are likely to be made as a consequence of informations obtained through diligent services and would non be the determination shaper for unexpected results. Confidentiality This is the demand that a professional comptroller must non unwrap any information he has come across during his service clip. in portion or entirely to a 3rd party or for excess fiscal additions. Parties whom may stand to derive upon geting such information are the rivals to the client and this may turn out to be black to the client. Professional comptrollers are hence bound by this value to merely utilize such information for the benefit of their current client failure to which would be looked at as a misdemeanor of one of the aureate regulations. The above are values that have been formulated by I. F. A and by and large accepted across the Earth by the aid of the states that recognizes this organic structure. Training and Communication In every organisation preparation is a critical constituent. Training equips employees with necessary accomplishments. cognition. and become competency in their accounting work. Employees do take part in ethical preparation of the company and attain development and finally better their morale on the public presentation of the company. Ethical preparation provides advanced quality solutions to back up the company to run in an ethical environment and recognize their full potency of investors. Training should take topographic point in country of jurisprudence conformity and ways to handle assorted differing involvement. net incomes and safety. Communication on the other manus Acts of the Apostless as an sweetening to developing where issues are discussed openly. Investors raise positions as they become participants and portion it out with others of anything they do non understand. Some of communications tools used are company newssheets. article in magazines. cyberspace web site and picture. There should effectual communicating to investors characterized by the undermentioned characteristics: honestness which accent on free flow of of import investing information. confidentiality that protect employees sing their rights and their professional while staying to legal act about unwraping information which affects public assistance of others and free address to give support for unfastened competition. Communication should besides advance common apprehension between the investor and the facilitator of concern chance. Companies should develop. enforce and set down in composing codifications of corporate. A codification of ethic should further a stronger ethical clime and unfastened assorted channel of communicating to assist protects against deceitful fiscal coverage. Both corporate moralss preparation and communicating is really of import to employees separately by developing ethical decision–making accomplishments and to guarantee all staff understands and complies with company ordinances and policies. Code of Ethics Implementation Plan The success lies on the corporation committedness on developing codification and their part ( Messikomer and Cirka. 2010 ) . Company needs to implement codification of moralss through informal methods noticeable to the context through proper communicating and understanding. The execution program sound to guarantee investing advisers adhere to codification of moralss sing concern affairs. protect clients and suppress any inappropriate action. The advisers are responsible for consumers salvaging and their security sing their fiscal position. Customers understanding on codification of moralss determine whether their representatives are moving conformity to jurisprudence and guidelines. every bit good as stand foring them suitably. Prior to the execution of codification of moralss there are regulations: where all employees receive compensation of loss regardless of the sum. employees will execute their dismissed responsibilities diligently and competency. and eventually. organisation will confer with the populace to acquire feedback and suggestions sing on the efficiency and effectual bringing of services. Implementation composes organisational alterations where employees should conform to these alterations: designation of moral leaders who are moral mature and eventually. leaders should on a regular basis pass on codification of moralss to better perceptual experiences of trust and leading credibleness. This imperative normalizes ethicality by supplying everyday communicating on moral behaviour which reminds employees on their moralss affairs. Corporate Social Issues It is most indispensable in every organisation that it promotes its vision of accountable concern to assorted stakeholders apart from investors and stockholders. There are assorted countries of major concerns: environmental preservation. good position of employees. community and community at big. Company do mostly profit through following a policy of societal duty through betterment of fiscal public presentation. take downing its operation cost. increasing it gross revenues and heightening clients trueness. The company accordingly attracts many consumers/investors every bit good as to retain the possible 1s to assist alter the company’s individuality and to greatly better productiveness and quality. There are drivers forcing concern towards societal duty such as the authorities. which imposes statute law and ordinance to present societal and environmental aims in the country of concern. Second. the demand for corporate revelation from investor and interest holders. besides. investors are altering its manner of accessing companies public presentation based on standards of societal duty. Management preparation plays a major function in execution of corporate societal duty. There is increased demand for corporate societal duty in every organisation to advance good administration between the organisation. investors. society at larger and authorities. Laws and Regulations Impacting on Corporations The recent yesteryear has witnessed several pieces of statute law that finally come to coerce and impact both positively and negatively to corporation. Examples of such Torahs are the 1s refering environmental preservation that have required corporate organic structures to make their concern with small to no environmental debasement. This has to a greater extent dealt fabricating corporations large blows as they have to breathe waste merchandise into the environment as they do fabricating. These set of Torahs have hence required that there are sums of portion of the corporation’s gross set aside to try to acquire rid of the waste stuffs they emit from the environment. This has become an excess cost to most corporations since carry oning an environmental killing exercising has in many fortunes gone into the melody of 1000000s of shillings. Basically. among other effects that recent Torahs and ordinances have imposed on the environment have been excess costs particularly meant for cleaning up the waste they emit into environment or counterbalancing persons who are fallen victims in one manner or another of this sort of wastes. Consequently. the grosss have well diminished with some of such corporations opted the walk of operations. Monitoring and Enforcement Plan Monitoring and implementing attachment to codification of moralss is of paramount importance and several benefits have been associated to it. Monitoring is in most instances done by organisational direction squads. senior officers in an establishment or even organic structures which are mandated to safeguard such codifications of moralss. Monitoring and implementing helps maintain those who are bound by such codifications committed to fulfilling the values as stipulated in the codification of moralss. As a consequence. professionals in whatever field are in a place to efficaciously forestall. detect and study suitably every bit good as reference any allegation of professional misconduct. A codification of moralss can be efficaciously enforced when there exist persons responsible for its execution. Enforcing and safeguarding a codification of moralss from rampant misdemeanor would necessitate a clear account of the effects that are to bechance the lawbreakers. Such effects must look harsh so as to deter those bound by the codification from moving against it but alternatively help in implementing it to the full. Establishing an understanding that is adhering between the parties to a codification of moralss is besides a measure in the right way of implementing it. Last. to successfully supervise and implement a codification of moralss. there needs to be a consistent mode of supervising behaviour every bit good as honoring persons who duly comply with the laid down codification of moralss. Ethical motives Audit Professionals in any field are needed to continually maintain in touch with the patterns within their professions that have an moralss relation in visible radiation of the of all time increasing demand from the societal universe. To accomplish this. the professionals have to prosecute in strict procedure of scrutinizing moralss and such audits should be hinged on set uping that which is being considered indispensable in societal work. This will in bend help the professionals make an designation of an ethical issue which is pertinent in their pattern scene. Furthermore. it will be helpful to professionals in reexamining every bit good as measuring how equal their current pattern is. Last. scrutinizing ethical codifications will go helpful in helping professionals to plan a scheme which is practical to tune current patterns as desired in the societal work. Working Internationally Procuring a professional occupation internationally is in most fortunes fancied by many if non by all professions across several Fieldss. Such chances come with tonss of hope to win in one’s calling and of class earn fortunes out of the chance. In the existent sense. there are really few professionals if any. who will turn such a opportunity down. Ethically. before a professional takes on an international responsibility. he has to see issues like whether his codification of moralss conform with the general moralss upheld in a foreign state and whether such organic structures are concerned with the codification of moralss of his/her profession is acknowledged in that foreign state in which he/she is meaning to work. This is so. because a instance of conflicting ethical values may originate and this may do a crisis that could hold been avoided if such issues were put into history prior to taking up of international responsibilities. Like for case. in accounting profession. there still be some states that have non subscribed to the guidelines offered by major accounting organic structures in the universe like the I. F. A or the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ( G. A. A. P ) . As a consequence. such states have their ain ways of covering with some accounting interventions which in many fortunes contrast what such organic structures provide in regard of those interventions. Therefore. holding an comptroller who has been trained and practiced in a state where such guidelines from these organic structures are adhered to work in such a foreign state may give a crisis which in another position may be termed as professional misconduct in that foreign state. Decision In decision. this paper discusses and identifies the statement of values to include the beginning and foundation of ethical values and rules ; why these rules are non-negotiable. how they have evolved over clip. and what moral doctrine or societal issues affects the attack to moralss. It besides presented and given a preparation and communicating program. execution program. program for the function of leading. declaration to corporate societal issues. discussed the recent Torahs and ordinances impacting the corporation. how to supervise and implement the program ; moralss scrutinizing program and considerations for working internationally. As you can see. codification of moralss is needed in every organisation to avoid struggle of involvement and to cover with issues in a just and merely mode. MentionsBaker. R. ( 1999 ) . The American medical moralss revolution: how the AMA’s codification of moralss has transformed physicians’ relationships to patients. professionals. and society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Code of international moralss. ( 1953 ) . Westminster. Md. : Newman Press. Code of medical moralss: current sentiments with notes ( 2004-2005 erectile dysfunction. ) . ( 2004 ) . Chicago. Ill. : AMA Press. Reamer. F. G. ( 1998 ) . Ethical criterions in societal work: a reappraisal of the NASW codification of moralss. Washington. DC: NASW Press. Watson. D. ( 1985 ) . A Code of moralss for societal work: the 2nd measure. London: Routledge A ; Kegan Paul. How to cite Code of Ethics Essay, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Ambient Intelligence and Enabling Technology MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Ambient Intelligence and Enabling Technology. Answer: Introduction Business operations management are geared towards achieving maximum values in organizing by increasing efficiency in use of resources to produce goods and services. Cost is an important aspect for any business organization that would like to maximize profitability. In the case study of Hon Hai, this organization has realized the need to optimize business operations to minimize cost. This has led to winning many clients and attaining bigger market share by manufacturing products and selling at very low prices compared to its competitors. This competitive advantage achieved at minimizing cost has enable organization to stand out in the market as best option for many consumers of electronics. Hon Hai has achieved tremendous success in electronic industry by cutting down on cost to achieve competitive over competitors. The company has constantly enjoyed higher economies of scale by indulging in massive production at lower cost to maximize profitability. This subtopic identifies various ways the company has adopted to minimize production cost without compromising quality. Hon Hai has embraced technology to achieve competitive advantage as well and reducing operational cost. The company functions are automated ranging from production, management to distribution. This is attributed to presence of highly skilled workforce who are using technology in every aspect of business to minimize cost. It is reported that organizations that uses software and programs in production are able to minimize errors attributed to humans thereby minimizing cost (Kopacsi,et al., p. 214). The company also has intense research and development unit that is constantly reviewing process to check functions that can be optimized to minimize cost. The corporate culture is characterized by optimum support from management that creates conducive environment for creativity and innovations. The employees are motivated to share ideas on how to optimize business operations and minimize cost. Process optimization is the main standing point for the company. Hon Hai has laid focus on entire process rather than focusing on raw materials and production cost only. The company further enjoy reduced material cost due to huge procurement of materials at less cost. The company enjoys huge discounts due to bulk buying that lowers unit cost. Furthermore, the production process is standardized material waste during production. The company has invested hugely in acquisition of modern equipment that fasten manufacture process while lowering production cost. The return on investment of capital has manifested itself in low cost in the long run in the company. In conclusion the Hon Hai will continue to be on the lead in electronic industries due to its unique strategies of saving on cost. To copy ideas from huge company and gain similar advantage is difficult. Hon Hai is always inventing new ways to keep off competitors and gain monopoly power. First, the company has huge bargaining power due to its collaboration with renown organization including Apple and Sony. Imitating ideas of Hon Hai on how to minimize cost is difficult particularly due to strong market loyalty that the company has gained. The competitors should be innovative so as to become leaders in electronic industries. The business models for Hon Hai may not work well for its competitors. However, there is opportunity for competitors to copy some ideas but the best strategy is to develop innovative ways that are specific to the company. The competitors would not make it in industry unless it looks for target audience. Hon Hai is unbeatable in price and is always looking for ways to gain more market share by lowering their prices. It can be recommended that competitors improve on their existing products while advocating for measures to manage operational cost. Conducting research to identify what consumers need offers opportunity for the competitors to improve on their products to match customer expectations (Hausman and Johnston, p. 2722). Quality is one of performance objectives aimed at developing product with specific desirable features that meet the expectations of customers. The products that meet or exceed customers expectations are likely to develop loyalty among the consumers. This is because the consumers have increased knowledge and can easily switch to substitutes that offer great value for their money. It is therefore important for organization to identify various aspects that define product quality. Quality can lower cost to organization due to minimal risk of product failure. Quality build trust and lowers customers complaints. Speed is important aspect in business operations whether in production, distribution, problem resolution or offering feedback to the customers. Speed in business allows development of new products with enhanced features to gain wider market base. Business is characterized by rapidly changing environment necessitating speed to adapt. Greater speed can be achieved by adopting technology in production and communication process. The speed allows organizations to be innovative to produce product at a lower cost. Apple company has been on the lead in innovation by introducing new products in the market including iPods and iPads. Speed is essential to business to grow. Dependability creates reliability, a business that ensures constant production or supply is able to maintain its customers. Being depend on is vital for organization to gain trust from the customers. Trust is one of the most important attribute for building strong relationship with customers and winning their loyalty to organizational brands. When it comes to organization, having business partners or employees that are dependable is vital to ensure continuity of operations and ensure constant delivery of goods and services to the customers. It allows organization to plan well and avoid wastages in production that can raise cost. Flexibility is important in business to adapt to different scenarios associated with globalization. Flexibility allows company to make internal changes in processes to respond to changing external environment. Walmart has experienced huge growth due to its ability to respond to customers need. It has offered flexible means for customers to shop online and product be delivered to their door step apart from allowing customers to shop in its stores. Lastly cost is important objective of business operations since it affects productivity. Minimizing cost is the main objective of any business organization so as to offers customers products at lower prices than competitors. Conclusion Each and every aspect of business operation is aimed at maximizing performance while minimizing the cost. It is evident that five objectives of operations can be enhanced by creativity and innovation. Offering quality products improve on gaining loyalty to customers while speed and flexibility helps in responding to trends in business environment to achieve exponential growth. References Hausman, A. and Johnston, W.J., 2014. The role of innovation in driving the economy: Lessons from the global financial crisis.Journal of Business Research,67(1), pp.2720-2726. Kopacsi, S., Kovcs, G., Anufriev, A. and Michelini, R., 2007. Ambient intelligence as enabling technology for modern business paradigms.Robotics and computer-integrated manufacturing,23(2), pp.242-256.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Romeo And Juliet - Star Crossed Lovers Essays -

Romeo and Juliet - Star Crossed Lovers Romeo & Juliet - Star Crossed Lovers "A pair of star-crossed lovers", Romeo and Juliet. From the opening scenes of the play these two children of feuding families were destined to fall in love together and eventually die together. How does the reader see this? How do we know it was fate which triggered these events? Coincidence caused the death of these two lovers. For this reason Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare's great tragedies. For coincidence to have caused the death of Romeo and Juliet it must have been evident in the events leading up to their deaths. These events include their meeting and falling in love, their separation, their reunion and finally their suicides. Solving the ancient feud between their families was the only real result of these untimely deaths. How did Romeo and Juliet meet? Was it by fate or could it have been avoided? Romeo and Juliet could not have avoided coming in contact with each other, they were brought together by uncontrollable circumstances. In Romeo and Juliet's time Verona (a city in Italy approximately 100 km west of Venice) was a fair sized city, and "bumping" into an acquaintance was unlikely. During the course of Act I, Scene II, the contrary had happened, and happened by chance. As Romeo and Benvolio were nearing a public area they were stopped by a Capulet servant. After Romeo had read the guest list to the Capulet party and the servant was on his way, Benvolio suggested that to relieve himself of his sadness for Rosaline, Romeo should go to the party and compare Rosaline to the other female guests. Romeo agreed Another example of coincidence is evident here. If Rosaline had not been attending, Benvolio would not have thought anything of the party. During the Capulet's ball Romeo and Juliet had seen each other, once this happened, there was no force that could have stopped them from falling in love. The encounter with the servant in the city set off an unlikely chain of events. Given the information following, none of these events could have been altered or avoided . "And for that offense immediately we do exile him hence," (Romeo and Juliet, III, II, 191-192). Romeo's banishment and the fate involved with it is a prime factor in the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. Why banishment? In Act I, Scene I the Prince's words were quite the contrary. Was it intentional that a man of such high standard would go back on his word? Perhaps. Romeo's exile poisons all possibility of happiness for himself and Juliet. His exile causes Juliet great sorrow, greater then if he had been executed, as stated by Juliet in Act III, Scene II, lines 130-131. Juliet's sorrow drives her to obtain a "knockout potion" from Friar Laurence which, in effect causes Romeo to make some important decisions regarding his well being. Romeo's banishment (brought about by the death of Tybalt) initiated the Friar's scheme which eventually leads the two lovers to their deaths. In reuniting the two lovers, timing played the largest role in deciding if they would live or die. Friar Laurence had two chances to deliver the message to Romeo regarding Juliet's present state. The first and most practical method of sending this message was through Romeo's "man", Balthasar. The second method was to send the message with Friar John. Timing was an important factor in both of these events. Friar Laurence had missed his opportunity to send the message with Balthasar and reverted to sending it with Friar John. As fate would have it, Friar John was locked up in a condemned house because of the plague. As a result Romeo received incorrect information. The only information he received from the unsuspecting Balthasar was that Juliet was dead. There are two important points to note in this area of the play. One being the reference to star-crossing made by Romeo when he heard of Juliet's death. "Is it even so? then I defy you, stars." (Romeo and Juliet, V, I, 24). The second being that when Romeo received the poison he states "Come cordial, and not poison, go with thee." (Romeo and Juliet, V, I, 85). This is coincidental to what Juliet had said earlier, in

Monday, November 25, 2019

Dental Cavities essays

Dental Cavities essays There should be much more public awareness of dental caries because it threatens the beauty of a large number of people in society. Cavities are diseases of the teeth that may affect the structure and strength of the tooth and make it weaker, which cause its loss. It is typically a hole in the tooth that alters in appearance and structure(Dental Caries.1998, Dental Cavities....) . It is important for people to know more about cavities because this is will help them to avoid the things that may cause cavities to them. We can treat this diseases by many ways such as we can replaced plaque with filling. This report was written as apart of the coursework for Bills II. I will give the reader information about the cavities and how can we treat it. I decided to write about this topic because it accord to my family and me it is very serious problem in which we faced a lot of problem and pains and we all suffered. The information was obtained basically from web sites, books and encyclopedias. I would like to introduce the issue of tooth caries and cavities in my research .In addition; I will define tooth decay and outline its risk, the causes and symptoms of the disease. Moreover, I will discuss some successful ways to reduce the chances of getting tooth cavities and eliminating all the harms that may be caused. Tooth cavity is a serious problem that affects children and adults badly and causes a lot of pain. In addition, it is one of the most essential causes of tooth loss that may interfere in the personal beauty and outer appearance of a person. That is mainly why I chose this disease as a topic in my research in order to minimize the risks and harms of this effective disease.(Dental Caries.9 Sep 2002). Cavities are diseases of the teeth that may affect the structure and strength of the tooth and make it weaker, which cause its loss. It is typically a hole in the tooth that alters in appearance and structure(Dental Caries.19...

Friday, November 22, 2019

Analysing factors effecting Foreign Direct Investment in China Essay

Analysing factors effecting Foreign Direct Investment in China - Essay Example Southeast China in particular has become a hotbed of business activity. Presently, China is actively encouraging trade with the West, and it is a major trading partner of the United States. Despite this progress, many U.S. and European multinationals find that doing business in the PRC can be a long, gruelling process that often results in failure. One primary reason is that Western-based MNCs do not understand the role and impact of Chinese culture. The country launched its open door policy 26 years ago. Since the policy introduction the FDI flows in the country received a quick response. In 2004 China was at no.2nd position in the world of FDI with $64 billion. The Chinese FDI trends can be examined in two phases. In the third phase Deny Xiaoping opened China for overall economic reform. The phase was very fruitful for China. The government introduced new policies and market oriented economic reform. In result of these reforms the FDI's started flowing into the Chinese economy at rocket speed. In November 1999 US-China had an agreement regarding the WTO, according to which many new reforms were made (Sandra, 2001) those included In the first six months of 2002, act... One primary reason is that Western-based MNCs do not understand the role and impact of Chinese culture. Since the last few decades there has been a multifold increase in the FDI in China. The Chinese economy has now gaining the power of effecting the decisions of the economic bodies of the world. History of FDI growth in China: The country launched its open door policy 26 years ago. Since the policy introduction the FDI flows in the country received a quick response. In 2004 China was at no.2nd position in the world of FDI with $64 billion. The Chinese FDI trends can be examined in two phases. First phase: 1979-82 Second phase: 1984-91 Third phase: 1992-99 In the first phase the government establish for special zones with incentive policies. Although there was a high inflow into those regions, the total FDI flow reached US $ 1.8 billion. In the second phase the provinces were opened and recorded US $ 10.3 billion. In 1989 however the trend dropped. In the third phase Deny Xiaoping opened China for overall economic reform. The phase was very fruitful for China. The government introduced new policies and market oriented economic reform. In result of these reforms the FDI's started flowing into the Chinese economy at rocket speed. In November 1999 US-China had an agreement regarding the WTO, according to which many new reforms were made (Sandra, 2001) those included The sectors relating to the distribution services will be opened for repair and maintenance and China will phase in trading rights and distribution services over three years. The Government for the investment opened the telecommunication industry of China. The professionals were also allowed access to the service markets of China. The services included according, consulting, Information

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Aston Martin's New Idea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Aston Martin's New Idea - Essay Example The essay finally tells about the impact of the marketing plan on the sales of the company and the need for right strategy for developing the effective marketing plan. Table of Content Introduction 4 Marketing plan 5 Marketing objective 5 Target market and Segmentation 5 Marketing Strategies 6 Budget 7 8 Introduction Aston Martin, the iconic name in the world of cars, was founded in 1913 by Robert Bamford and Lionel Martin. The car company is headquartered at Gaydon, Warwickshire in England. Aston Martin is known for its luxury and style around the world. There are various models of the car in the market but some of the famous models include Aston Martin DB series, Lagonda Marque, Aston Martin One-77, etc (Aston Martin, 2012). The company has recently decided to change the style and theme of the car to make it more attractive and appealing to the young people in the age group of 20s. This idea of developing a new style and theme for Aston Martin cars can be both advantageous and disa dvantageous for the company. The whole idea of the company with its plan is to increase its market share and profit by targeting new markets which would mainly comprise people of today’s generation, especially in the age group of 20s. ... Marketing plan The marketing plan based on Aston Martin’s new approach to attract a new target market requires a planned marketing strategy which can be discussed as follows: Marketing objective Marketing objective is related to the company’s objective associated with Aston Martin. The objective of the company should deal with its long-term plans in establishing Aston Martin as a brand not only for luxury seeking people but for younger generations. Young people who prefer the sporty look with style and luxury but with different theme and design can be a great market opportunity for the company in terms of market share. Target market and Segmentation Segmentation is important for any company because of reasons such as process of segmentation of products according to their life cycle, and finding which product is to be segmented as per the consumers whom the company is targeting. The target market strategy for the company would begin with the analysis of market opportunit y which would allow the company to estimate the sales and size potential associated with the market segment (Lamb, Hair, & McDaniel, 2008, p. 49). Target market strategy implies the importance of segmentation of market for Aston Martin in order to achieve the marketing objective. Marketing Strategies Marketing strategy for the company should be based on market penetration, market development and promotional tools. Market penetration for the company decides it strategy based on the pricing strategy. It is often seen that companies reduce their product price to penetrate the market and attain a considerable market share before planning for market development. Aston Martin can penetrate the new

Monday, November 18, 2019

Broken Windows Concept Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Broken Windows Concept - Research Paper Example Giuliani was dedicated to putting the theory into action. Bratton through the police had the law against subway fare evasion, public drinking, graffiti vandals strictly enforced. In 2007 and 2008 experiments were conducted by Kees Keizer colleagues of the University of Groningen to determine whether the effect of existing visible disorder increased the incidence of crime such as littering and theft. The experiment included urban location and done in two different ways. In one condition, the place was maintained orderly and free from broken windows and graffiti. The other conditions, the experiment in the same environment among other things windows broken, and graffiti were placed on the wall. The arrangement in the second condition appeared like nobody cared. The observations from the experiments supported the theory. Common misconceptions clearly imply that there is a connection with financial instability for those who commit crime and may be of minority status. As for RJ Sampson it does not necessarily mean that the use of racial circumstance to encode disorder, people racially prejudiced in the sense of personal hostility (Weisburd &Lum). A later study indicated that the disorder is an exogenous construct that has independent effects on how people feel about their neighborhoods a contradiction to Wilson and Kellings proposition. Many challengers and critics say that other than the physical disorder there are other factors that influence crime rate. In order to reduce crime rate, these factors need

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Gym Cultures Prominence In Society Cultural Studies Essay

Gym Cultures Prominence In Society Cultural Studies Essay Gym culture holds a prominent place in contemporary society. Studies1 focused on the physical dimensions of self-concept document the significance placed on physical appearance in evaluations of self-worth. The inconsistency between the real and ideal self is an important trigger within gym culture and this relationship is comprehensively and covertly exploited through media narratives and advertising images. Roland Barthes asserts that an imitated object makes something appear which remained invisible, or if one prefers, unintelligible in the natural object. Structural man takes the real, decomposes it, then recomposes it.2 Unravelling the means by which texts and images recomposed the original is at the centre of structuralist analysis. Concepts of semiology developed by Ferdinand de Saussure form the basis for structuralist methodology. Saussure rejected the conventional view of the linguistic sign as a name attached to an object in favour of the notion of the linguistic sign as a two-sided psychological entity.3 The word sign is used to describe the whole created through the combination of the signified (signifie) and the signifier (signifiant). The signifier is the materially perceptible component such as a sound, picture or written mark whilst the signified is the conceptual meaning. The relationship between the two, according to Saussure is arbitrary, founded entirely on social convention. Signs employed in the discourse of gym culture habitually focus on bodies. Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 all contain images of young, slim, and attractive 1 Maguire, J. and L. Mansfield, No-bodys perfect: women, aerobics, and the body beautiful Sociology of Sport Journal 5, 2 (1998): 109-137. 2 Critical Terms for Literary Study. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1995. 3 The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. Chris Baldick. Oxford University Press, 2008. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press bodies. The relationship between the photographic images, the signifier, and the concept of youth, health and attractiveness, the signified, combine to create the sign. Roland Barthes however noted that this model focuses extensively on denotation to the detriment of connotation. In his initial investigations Barthes distinguishes between two forms of reference: denotation and connotation. Conventionally denotation is referred to as the literal, primary sense or straightforward dictionary meaning, whilst connotation refers to the range of further associations that a word evokes in addition to its denotation. The connotations of a particular word are a formulated sequence of qualities, contexts, and emotional responses commonly associated with that to which it refers. The context in which the word or phrase is used and the individual inclinations of the audience determine which connotations will be initiated. Initially Barthes suggested that analytically connotation can be distinguished from denotation4 in the same way that a photographic image represents the denotation of what is photographed, the connotation is exposed through how it is photographed. Barthes however later concluded that: denotation is not the first meaning, but pretends to be so; under this illusion, it is ultimately no more than the last of the connotations (the one which seems both to establish and close the reading), the superior myth by which the text pretends to return to the nature of language, to language as nature. The two women in Figure 1 and the woman in Figure 3 are all pictured wearing long pants. The same particular item of clothing is denoted in both advertisements, namely pants. However in Figure 1 the 4 Chandler, Daniel:  Semiotics for Beginners  (1994) pants are cargo pants whilst in Figure 3 the model wears jeans. Cargo pants connote youth, hip-hop and dance culture whilst jeans are associated with the everyday down-to-earth, girl-next-door. The style of pants selected reflect a range of connotations, the denoted image is inherently connotative. Barthes perspective exposes denotation as being no more natural than connotation but rather as stemming from a process of naturalization. Denotation is thus proved to be a product of ideology. Images prevalent in gym culture discourse documents this well. Note the similarity between the models selected in Figures 4, 5 and 6. They are all slim, tanned and tall with long blond hair and have been selected to portray a specific image of femininity influenced by historical attitudes and social convention, which conforms to contemporary westernized ideology. Similar images are presented to both male and female consumers. Fitness magazine (Figure 5) features an image of American television host K elly Ripa, with a byline suggesting that the magazine contains the secrets to how she got this buff, whilst the cover of Mens Fitness (Figure 6) has a byline suggesting that the magazine contains the secrets of how to gain hard abs, strong enough for a night with the featured Carmen Electra, glamour model and actress. Connotatively men should be fit and muscular to attract their ideal woman, and women should strive to be that ideal- attractive, slim, tanned and blond. The selection of celebrities this physical represented ideal suggests that fame, success and wealth accompany the ideal. These associations formed by groups of signs create a cultural paradigm. In the same way the Zumba advertisement in figure 1 is designed to immediately invoke connotations of a gym culture paradigm. The images are of one male and two female bodies. Little of their faces, apart from smiles suggesting fun and happiness, can be seen reinforcing a focus on moving bodies and physicality. Naked midriffs whilst emphasize muscled, slim bodies also invokes sexual connotations. Through metonymy the graphic representation of a speaker emphasizes the role of music and its associations with parties, social interaction. Strong colours are used and orange, the adverts predominant colour believed to be invigorating as it increases oxygen supply to the brain is used to reflect joy, enthusiasm, creativity, attraction, success and stimulation. It is also used to attract attention as it is high visibility. The line Ditch the workout, join the party! aligns working out with having a party. The word join is repeated four times reinforcing the idea of belonging, identifying wit h and being part of a particular group. The language choice is deliberately relaxed and informal, to emphasize fun. The paradigm created is one of youth, music, party, fun, sexual attraction, dancing and fitness, with a focus on belonging. Figure 2 is an advertisement for a Sony water resistant walk-man. Sony employ an approach common to brand-name product advertising, one whereby their product is aligned with culturally desirable paradigms, in this case fitness and health, thus advancing a connotative association between their product and other values their audience might hold. A young man is pictured, dressed in a vest he appears to have been running. The aim is to establish paradigmatic relationships between exercise and fitness and Sonys brand. In so doing Sony hope to include their product in a fitness paradigm and through this inclusion their brand comes to connote all that characterizes gym culture. Whilst Paradigmatic relations rely on familiar cultural associations to create meaning, syntagmatic relations create meaning through the sequence in which the signs are displayed. In Figure 1 the line Ditch the workout, join the party! aligns working out with having a party. In figures 3 and 4 both advertisements rely on an alternative semiotic structure in addition to paradigmatic relations to communicate their message. Both advertisements offer promises of transformation, figure one blatantly telling us before and after. A syntagmatic relation can be represented by the connotative narrative, a sequence of associated events: She joined the gym, exercised regularly, ate the right food, lost weight, and was thereby transformed. Because this is such a familiar narrative to us, the advertisement can invoke it and all its associations by just showing us a single image, the mirrored but subtly altered image of the women that represents the start and finish of the narrative. Our understand ing of figure 4 relies on previously learnt and accepted conventions. Barthes identified these previously learnt and recognised conventions as cultural codes which could be utilized in structural analysis of texts. 5 In contrast to the conventional definition of myth as a traditional or customary story Claude Levi-Strauss and Roland Barthes shifted the emphasis of myth as a plot to myth as a way of thinking akin to a kind of ideology. Roland Barthes 1957 Mythologies brought to light how myths are part of everyday modern life. Barthes demonstrates an idea of myth as a further sign, its foundations in language, but to which further implication is added. To make a myth, the sign itself is used as a signifier, and a new meaning is added, which is the signified. This additional meaning is not arbitrarily, even if the reader is not aware of it. Historically determined circumstances are presented as natural. Predominantly media driven modern myths are created to disseminate an impression of society that is 5 Leak, Andrew N. Barthes, Mythologies. London: Grant Cutler, 1994. compliant with current ideologies. The earlier discussion of the models chosen in figures 4, 5 and 6 is an example of how pervasive myth can be. Barthes characterizes myth as ubiguitous6 being or seeming to be everywhere at once. The tall, slim, blond woman is unanimously presented to male and female consumers alike as the ideal women. In addition myth is axiomatic operating as a sort of fusion of fact and value, it is assertive. Axiological language presenting a theory as a fact is frequently found in advertising narratives. Figure 4 contains a good example: inside everybody is a better body. Myths are not just narratives, but narratives mixed with other signs: Figure 3 suggests, through a combination of images, graphic representation and narrative, that joining their gym will make you younger. Gym culture serves as a good example of how myth permeates consumer driven society. According to Barthes uncovering of the Ideological abuse hidden in the display of what goes without saying lies at the centre of structuralist analysis and serves to warn that since the theft of language perpetrated by myth is so subtle that nothing appears to have been taken8 consumers are affected by it without even recognising its existence. 6 Leak, Andrew N. Barthes, Mythologies. London: Grant Cutler, 1994. 7 Ibid., 8 Ibid., p57

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Black Rhinoceros :: essays research papers

THE BLACK RHINOCEROS ~An endangered species~   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prepared for:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   4th Hour Language Arts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  January 2, 2001 The black rhinoceros or rhinos are a very unique animal of Africa. They are important for the balance of nature. They are a large stocky animal. Their size is 5 to 6 feet tall at the shoulder and 10 to 12 feet long. Their weight can range in from 1,000 to 3,000 pounds. Rhinos are naturally gray in color but will often take on the color of the local soil. The horn of a rhino is not a true horn. It is not attached to the skull. It grows from the skin and is made up of keratin fibers, the same materials found in hair and finger nails. Black rhinos have a prehensile lip that is used much like a finger to select and pick the leaves and twigs they prefer to eat. Their habitat is in the bushy plains, rugged hills, and scrublands in isolated areas of Central and South Africa. Rhinos are heavy browsers that hinder woody plants from dominating their habitat. This is important because it allows grasses to grow, which provide food for many other animals on the grassy plains. Black rhinos travel alone except while breeding or raising offspring. Juveniles remain with the mother until they are completely weaned, just before a new a baby is born.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Young rhinos are occasionally prey for many items for large carnivores such as lions and hyenas. People of some cultures believe that rhino horns contain medicinal properties. This is most likely not true but is one of the primary reasons rhinos are poached.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Mrs. Walters

Throughout my stay my mom was consistently dirty, and the bathroom fixtures were rusty. Additionally, I had to request fresh towels each evening of my stay. To make matters worse, the casino was extremely loud and the music did not stop until 3 A. M. I complained to the Front Desk Manager, Rail Rodriguez, and requested another room but was told there were no other rooms available. No one from the hotel addressed my concerns and I was told repeatedly that housekeeping had been alerted to my complaints. Despite my repeated complaints, my room was never properly cleaned and was never furnished with fresh towels.Because of the casino noise, I was unable to sleep comfortably for two nights. Hence, my time spent In Puerco Rice was nerve-wracking. The cost of a room with a king sized bed and an ocean view, at the time of my booking, was $190 per night and I stayed for 3 nights. In Dalton, a resort charge of 20% was added to my bill. As this accommodation was prepaid through expelled. Com, I was told that I could not request a refund at the hotel. Considering that I made several complaints that were documented and showed patience In walling for the situations to be Improved, I am writing to request that I be refunded the cost of my accommodation.The customer service for this branch needs to be Improved. The Front Desk Manager should be more sensitive to the needs of your guests. Additionally, housekeeping routines should be consistent. It Is extremely distressing for a traveler to experience such poor service. With this In mind, I think It only reasonable for your company to refund the cost for my stay at you San Juan hotel. Sincerely, Mrs.. Walters By [email  protected] Com San Juan, Puerco Rice, 00785 I am a frequent traveler but this is the first time I have stayed in your San Juan hotel. Two nights. Hence, my time spent in Puerco Rice was nerve-wracking.The cost of a per night and I stayed for 3 nights. In addition, a resort charge of was added to my bill. As thi s accommodation was prepaid through expedited. Com, I was told that I that were documented and showed patience in waiting for the situations to be improved, I am writing to request that I be refunded the cost of my accommodation. The customer service for this branch needs to be improved. The Front Desk Manager routines should be consistent. It is extremely distressing for a traveler to experience such poor service. With this in mind, I think it only reasonable for your company to

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Metamorphis By Franz Kafka

Metamorphis By Franz Kafka Family duty January 14, 2002 Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Family Duty In Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, family duty to Gregor meant to pay all the debts that his family had and also to pay all of their bills. In order to do make his family happy, he went to the same boring job every day. Gregor dedicated all of his earnings to his family; he thought that he owed it to his family to stay at home and be miserable so his family could be lazy and stay home and live off of him. Gregor felt he had no choice, no free will about how life was going to be; he couldn't change anything. Even if Gregor had second thoughts about doing something different, he would then think again about what he originally thought about, and felt remorseful for thinking anything different than what life had brought him.Then one morning Gregor woke up and this weird change had happened, he was a dung beetle.Gregor Books and Giraffe HeroesHis alarm clock didn't go off, and now he heard his boss out in the living room talking to his family. Gregor knew that if he didn't work, his family would get mad at him and wouldn't have any money to eat on. Then they would have to get jobs; but that wouldn't work because then they would talk trash at Gregor for not working, even though he had been supporting the whole family for a long time now.When Gregor looked out into the living room, everyone saw him and almost panicked. His boss ran out of the room and even fell down the stairs. Seeing this Gregor then realized his horrible appearance and tried to talk to his family. Thinking that they (his family) could hear him, he explained that everything was...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Assyrian Empire essays

Assyrian Empire essays There are two main reasons why the Neo-Assyrian Empire became so powerful between 934 610 B.C. First, through this era, the power of Assyria was largely dependant on the success of its army (Saggs, 1962). Winer (1961) states that the Assyrian military perfected the art of war. During this time period, some 180 punitive expeditions or campaigns were launched against foreign foes, rebellious vassals or other anti-Assyrian groups (Olmstead, 1923). Second, the Assyrians developed an efficient and effective administrative system with which to maintain, supply and expand their empire. In Assyria, warfare was a way of life (Saggs, 1962) and its government was run as a military state (Winer, 1961). Early wars had been like raids; undertaken to obtain booty, settle disputes over land and water rights, or fought for military notoriety. During the second Assyrian Empire, war became a part of the state policy. The raid was replaced by a detailed and carefully planned scheme of conquest (Sayce, 1899). The Assyrian Empire maintained a powerful standing army, not only to satisfy its imperialistic appetite, but also to safeguard the King against potential rebellious provincial governors. Sayce (1899) writes that nothing was spared to make the army as effective as possible. Army discipline was raised to the highest pitch of perfection, and its weapons and uniforms constantly underwent improvements (Sayce, 1899). Part of the army was composed of mercenaries, while another part was recruited by conscription (Sayce, 1899). Almost every male citizen had to bear arms. Only the essential services of bankers, carpenters, merchants and metal workers could, under special favour of the government expect to be occasionally made exempt from military service (Trueman, 1964). The army was directly commanded by the King, or at times, his commander-in-chief, the Tartannu (Sayce, 1899). The main force of the army consisted of light and ...

Monday, November 4, 2019

Primary Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Primary - Research Paper Example I have strong knowledge of business analytics that I used when I worked on financial audits with the senior auditors of my firm. In particular, I contributed to the development of predictive business analytics that determined new growth opportunities for the company. It resulted to changes in how accountants determined the need for corrective actions and what these actions should be. During this time, I also solved a problem of the company regarding merging several data categories in order to improve data collection and reporting efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, I am particularly interested in working for JPMorgan Chase & Co. because you are a world leader in finding financial services solutions for diverse sectors. When I learned of the solutions you offered for filling up important healthcare and technology jobs in New York City, I became excited of how I can also contribute my business analytics knowledge and skills in conducting similar data studies and providing helpful recomm endation reports. I believe that I have strong analytical, quantitative and problem-solving skills that are essential to being a successful Finance Analyst intern. I am eager to meet with you or to have a phone interview to further discuss this valuable employment opportunity. I am interested in learning more about your consumer and commercial banking services and working with your senior managers to analyze results and offer financial and business insights. You can reach me by phone at 301-526-3669 and by e-mail at xchen114@terpmail.umd.edu, if you want me to provide further information. I will call your office next Monday to see if a mutually convenient time can be arranged. Thank you for your time and consideration of my

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Project management plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Project management plan - Essay Example An effective planning process offers details and facilitates in formation of the project work strategies along with ascertaining an approach to continue and achieve effective findings and objectives of the project (ANA Eastern Region, 2006). An effective project planning ensures to provide effective designs for future initiatives in order to clarify project goals and it also enables to develop the vision of the processes which facilitate to attain the ultimate project objectives. It also evidently enables to identify different issues and provides efficient alternative courses in order to address those issues. Moreover, an effective project planning process further enables to make best utilisation of the resources and it also plays a major role in motivating workforces to effectively utilise the resources and assign responsibilities to achieve the ultimate outcome of the project (ANA Eastern Region, 2006). In terms of preparing an effective plan for ethnic marketing activities, projec t planning stage can also identify certain impacts that can lead to provide substantial benefits towards the organisation’s strategies. With this concern, innovation can be considered as one of the major beneficial aspects for conducting the plan for ethnic marketing to achieve sustainable position as well as to attain competitive advantage in the global market. Moreover, the project plan related to ethnic marketing is further beneficial to achieve substantial growth in the global marketplace due to the reason that there has been a rapid expansion of multicultural consumer segments across different regions (American Hotel & Lodging Association, 2010). Key Stages and Milestones Necessary to Complete Ethnic Marketing Project Plan...In terms of preparing an effective plan for ethnic marketing activities, project planning stage can also identify certain impacts that can lead to provide substantial benefits towards the organisation’s strategies. Key Stages and Milestones Ne cessary to Complete Ethnic Marketing Project Plan A successful and effective project planning considerably encompasses certain major stages. The planning stage in the project management process encompasses a series of activities which involves different elements/parameters of the overall project in order to make the project ready for the execution process. Project plan consists of three major activities such as: Risk Management Plan Quality Management Plan Issue Management Plan Change Management Plan Acceptance Plan Communication Plan Execution & Controlling Stage Project execution and controlling stage can be identified as a major phase where the resources and all project activities are implemented. Project Closing Stage The closing stage of the project management related to the ethnic marketing project is the final step which significantly aims to evaluate the implementation and the results of the activities of the overall project.

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Action, Goals and Benefits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Action, Goals and Benefits - Essay Example It is our most valued possession. While pursuing an education, we will certainly run into obstacles along the way. However, by having a clear vision of our goals and a well-developed habit of study we can clear any hurdles that are placed in our path. Though the pace of today's world makes an education seem difficult, it can be made easier by following some simple rules. One of the first things we realize when we begin an education is that there just doesn't seem to be enough time in the day. It's important to recognize that education is the priority. An awareness of my goals can be the best aide in setting a schedule for my activities (Managing Your Time). It may mean giving up a Sunday football game. I may have to suffer with a couple less hours of sleep now and then. Managing my time will require me to make a schedule that will take priority over most of the other events in my life. Sticking to my schedule will be easier if I concentrate on my goals and my reasons for getting an education. I hope to improve my writing skills in this class and become a better communicator. The ability to write successfully will enhance my professional opportunities as well as give me a sense of personal accomplishment. My current lifestyle and schedule is an obstacle that I need to work around. I work 12 hours a day and set aside Sunday for church. At first glance, it seems that I only have Gen 101: Action, Goals and Benefits Saturdays to study. However, I can read during my lunch breaks at work. I can set aside an hour each night dedicated to my studies. Vince Lombardi once said that hard work is the price we pay to achieve our goals (cited in Determination Quotations). I can extend my study period on Saturday by 2 hours and work in an additional 2 hours on Sunday. This will give me an additional 14 hours of study time each week. It may mean some personal sacrifice, but eventually it will become a habit and will be almost unnoticed. By applying myself to my studies and keeping to my schedule I should see considerable progress throughout the course. I expect my writing to become easier and clearer. The library will open my mind to new opportunities and interests. I expect that my schedule and study routine will become a habit that will transfer to my other courses in the future. I plan to continue my education at the University of Phoenix after I finish this course on March 7, 2007. The path to a degree will also bring about increased opportunities and positions in my employment. Aside from benefiting from an increase in salary, it will also give me greater self-esteem. Education is a continual process of self-improvement and that improvement will show in every part of my life. Whether at work, at home, or in a social situation, an education shines through and makes the whole world a little brighter. To sum it all up, my education is important to me and it is a crucial step on my path to self-improvement. This course will give me the tools to write better, read better, Gen 101: Action, Goals and Benefits study better, and develop a greater sense of personal management. Though my schedule may be packed, I can find ways to set aside the time I need to study. By keeping my goals on my mind, it's easy to make education a priority. Small sacrifices now can realize big rewards later. My plan is to focus on this program and continue to study at UOP. It will give me a greater chance for career advancement and offer me better economic opportunities. Education is the one thing you always carry with you and no one can take from you. This course is a step in acquiring that very valuable

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

External Factor Are Affecting the Ecosystems Essay Example for Free

External Factor Are Affecting the Ecosystems Essay The word ecosystem refers to the combined physical and biological components of an environment; these organisms form complex sets of relationships and function as a unit as they interact with their physical environment. Ecosystems are constantly changing naturally, and they’ve got a specific and stable climax, equilibrium. Living as well as non-living factors may have an impact in an ecosystem such as the impact of humans in ecosystems by hunting, fishing, agriculture etc. r climate change may affect an ecosystem and dare it to adapt to the conditions. Will human’s activity affect the equilibrium of the arctic wolves ecosystem? Equilibrium refers to balance, so†¦ will human’s activities affect the balance of the physical and biological components of the tundra? Human activities, which affect the arctic wolf’s ecosystem, the tundra, are pollution, chemical contamination and overdevelopment. All of them are harmful to the ecosystem. Pollution affects indirectly the tundra, habitat of the Arctic wolf. Pollution leads to Global Warming and this affect the global temperature, as a result ice melts and the tundra is affected because its an ecosystem nearly made up on ice, so eventually the ecosystem would be endangered and also the species that are contained in the ecosystem. Lately, thousands of â€Å"green† organizations have been generated to promote the green habits and to try to reduce pollution worldwide, reducing also the vulnerability of the tundra biome. Their projects consist in reducing wastes of any kind of energy source and saving any resource we get. This will involve social aspects also in the way that our society must take part and have an impact into world pollution, which will finally affect the tundra ecosystem; it has lately become popular to be ecofriendly. This ecologic movement has also affected the fashion industry which lately looks for looks with more pure materials, not much synthetic ones, also they’ve preferred clothing with pure cotton, even not only the materials of clothing are involved but the message in the clothing’s have taken a very special impact in the society. Hunting, affects directly and indirectly to the ecosystem of the Arctic wolf, it affects the interaction of living organisms by hunting the animals. The overhunting of species such as the musk ox and caribou in Alaska and North America were even near of extinction. This would create unsustainability on the ecosystem because there would not be equilibrium in the food chain and all the animals that have any relationship with the specie would me affected by don’t having a predator or a prey. Hunting in the tundra has had a very negative effect because important species suck as the musk ox have nearly got to extinction. By 1950, herds in North America were reduced by ninety percent, so this made the American population realize what was really going on in their country. They were loosing biodiversity and so laws were created to protect animals. This had an economic impact, because musk ox’s (prey of the arctic wolf) leather was part of the market so it has also a social impact, not only from for hunters but for the fashion industry which had a relation with musk ox’s fur and leather. Chemical contamination also affects the Arctic Wolf’s ecosystem. Lately, Petroleum and Coal or Natural Gas, Iron, Lead or Zinc mines and mineral exploration and exploitation and extraction are increasing worldwide especially in the Arctic. The development affects the Caribou, which are one of the main species present in the Arctic wolf habitat. Overdevelopment indicates to the building of roads and buildings in the tundra, this lead to more circulation. Fragile tundra areas of plants are taken out for the creation of these roads. Without plants to give nutrients to the soil, earth will stop being rich and will abolish the community of flora in the tundra. After discussing all the direct and indirect human impact in the environment, hunting, chemical contamination and overdevelopment are certainly harmful for the ecosystem. These activities attempt to the balance of the ecosystem by attempting against the living organisms that live in the tundra, ecosystem of the arctic wolf and by attempting against the non-living factors in the ecosystem such as climate. Even tough there are solutions for these activities to reduce or to stop, they are not completely efficient. In my opinion after all my investigation, apart from the pollution affecting indirectly to the tundra, the other activities are not a major concern for the arctic wolf’s ecosystem. As seen, human activities impact in the arctic wolf’s ecosystem is not positive (although they don’t damage much the tundra) toward the ecosystem. My final conclusion will be that external factors are definitely against the equilibrium of the arctic wolf’s ecosystem.

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Report of cyclone efficiency method

Report of cyclone efficiency method Abstract:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This report is concerned about cyclone efficiency. The method cyclone is used to remove particles from gaseous waste streams in the experiment. Based on the literature search, more knowledge has been known about particle collecting and particle sizing. Qualitative method is used to describe the particle size distribution using the ELPI device. The cyclone efficiency results are analyzed with graphs and discussion. Comments on the most appropriate methods of control of particles of the size are given at last in the section of discussion. Introduction: Background: Air pollution is man-made harmful materials and particulars in the air, which produce disadvantageous effects to peoples health. It is a big problem, however, public was not focused on air pollution until 1969. Before that time, the air pollution increased dramatically. We impossibly solve the air pollution problems by blowing away the poisonous air and the particles in the air. The most important thing is whether we could control them by reducing pollutant emissions. Air pollution problem is not a single problem, but a series of related problems. The overall air problem basically includes the following form, emissions, transport, dilution, and modification in the atmosphere, which effects on people, property, and the environment. We are unlikely to find a good and easy way to solve all these problems. Instead, we will have to make some steps to achieve the goals such as doing some research on particulate removal from gaseous waste streams so that we can improve the air quality. Name of Technology: Cyclones This type of technology is a part of the group of air pollution controls collectively referred to as pre-cleaners, because they are oftentimes used to reduce the inlet loading of particulate matter (PM) to downstream collection devices by removing larger, abrasive particles. Cyclones are also referred to as cyclone collectors, cyclone separators, centrifugal separators, and inertial separators. In applications where many small cyclones are operating in parallel, the entire system is called a multiple tube cyclone, multi-cyclone, or multi-clone. Type of Technology: Removals of PM by centrifugal and inertial forces are induced by forcing particulate-laden gas to change direction. Applicable Pollutants: Cyclones are used to control PM, and primarily PM greater than 10 micrometers (Fm) in aerodynamic diameter. However, there are high efficiency cyclones designed to be effective for PM less than or equal to 10 Fm and less than or equal to 2.5 Fm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10 and PM2.5). Although cyclones may be used to collect particles larger than 200 Fm, gravity settling chambers or simple momentum separators is usually satisfactory and less subject to abrasion. Achievable Emission Limits/Reductions: The collection efficiency of cyclones varies as a function of particle size and cyclone design. Cyclone efficiency generally increases with particle size and/or density, inlet duct velocity, cyclone body length, number of gas revolutions in the cyclone, ratio of cyclone body diameter to gas exit diameter, dust loading, and smoothness of the cyclone inner wall. Cyclone efficiency will decrease with increases in gas viscosity, body diameter, gas exit diameter, gas inlet duct area, and gas density. A common factor contributing to decreased control efficiencies in cyclones is leakage of air into the dust outlet. Control efficiency ranges for single cyclones are often based on three classifications of cyclone, i.e., conventional, high-efficiency, and high-throughput. The control efficiency range for conventional single cyclones is estimated to be 70 to 90 percent for PM, 30 to 90 percent for PM10, and 0 to 40 percent for PM2.5. High efficiency single cyclones are designed to achieve higher control of smaller particles than conventional cyclones. Summary: This experiment is focused on the sizing of airborne dust or sprays and with one specific method of particulate removal from gas streams (a cyclone). Our major aims are to assess possible dust hazards when handling powders, the efficiency of filters and other arresters and assess the properties of aerosol. Literature Search: Control of primary particulates:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the fine particles in the air are secondary particles. Many of the primary particles are more toxic than most secondary particles. Though primary particles are generally larger than secondary particles, many primary particles are small enough to be respirable and are thus of health concern.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first three kinds of control devices are gravity settlers, cyclone separators, and electrostatic precipitators. All function is driving the particles to a solid wall, where they adhere to each other to form agglomerates that can be removed from the collection device and disposed of. Choosing a Collector: Gravity settling chambers, cyclones, and ESPs work by driving the particles to a solid wall where they form agglomerates that can be collected. These three devices have similar design equations. Filters and scrubbers divide the flow. They have different design equations from wall collection devices and from each other. Both surface and depth filters are used for particle collection. Surface filters are used to collect most of the particles in a heavily laden gas stream. Depth filters are mostly used for the final cleanup of air or gas that must be very clean or for fine liquid drops, which coalesce on them and then drop off. To collect small particles, a scrubber must have a very large relative velocity between the gas being cleaned and the liquid drops. For this reason co-flow scrubbers are most often used. The venture scrubber is the most widely used type of co-flow scrubber. Particle Size Analysis: In many powder and material processing operations, particle size and size distribution play an important role in determining the bulk properties. Describing the size distribution of the particles which make up a powder is therefore central in characterizing the powder. In a number of industrial applications, a single number will be required to characterize the particle size. This can only be done accurately and easily with a mono-sized distribution of spheres or cubes. Real particles with shapes which require more than one dimension to describe and real powders with particles in a range of sizes mean that in practice the identification of single number to describe the size of the particles is far from straightforward. Separation of Particles from a Gas: Gas Cyclones Gas Cyclones Description: Cyclones are extensively used for removing particles from gas stream. The most common type of cyclone is the reverse flow type. Inlet gas is brought tangentially into the cylindrical section and a strong vortex is created inside the cyclone body. Particles in the gas are subjected to centrifugal forces which move them radially outwards, against the inward flow of gas and towards the inside surface of the cyclone on which the solids separate. The direction of flow of the vortex reverses near the bottom of the cylindrical section and the gas leaves the cyclone via the outlet in the top. The solids at the wall of the cyclone are pushed downwards by the outer vortex and out of the solids exit. Gravity has little effect on the operation of the cyclone. Efficiency of Separation:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Consider a cyclone to which the solids mass flow rate is M, the mass flow discharged from the solids exit orifice is Mc (known as the fine product). The total material balance on the solids over this cyclone may be written: Total: M=Mf+Mc and the ‘component material balance for each particle size x (assuming no breakage or growth or particles within the cyclone) is: Component: M (dF/dx) = Mf (dFf/dx) + Mc (dFc/dx) where, dF/dx, dFf /dx and dFc/dx are the differential frequency size distributions by mass (i.e. mass fraction of size x) for the feed, fine product and coarse product respectively. F, Ff and Fc are the cumulative frequency size distributions by mass (mass fraction less than size x) for the feed, fine product and coarse product respectively. Experimental:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Remove and reweigh the filter and the hopper. Calculate the efficiency of cyclone. The instrument EPLI which is widely used for determining near real-time measurements was used to do this experiment. It can measure particles within the size range 30nm up to 10um on the basis of their aerodynamic diameter. In this experiment, two kinds of particles, MgO, and fly ash particles were measured by the demonstrator. And four groups of data were obtained in this experiment, the first two groups are for fly ash particles and the second two groups are for MgO. Results: During operation particles are drawn through a charger where they will receive a charge, before passing into the impactor which contains a number of stages, each one connected to a multi-channel electrometer. Depending on the aerodynamic size of the particles they will be impacted on the different stages. The current values obtained from the different stages are converted to a size distribution, a graph of which is shown in Figure 1. Three kinds of particle have different peak value of number concentration. The peak value of MgO is around 2000 particles/cm3, fly ash particle is about 1500 particles/cm3, and Atmospheric particle is above 2500 particles/cm3. The peak of fly ash particles is lower than MgO particles. Discussion: It can be seen from Figure 1 that there are clearly overlapping size distributions present in the sample of Atmospheric particles, MgO particles and fly ash particles. Real samples always contain particles with more than one source. Atmospheric dust might for example contain pollen as well as pollutants. The size distribution will then have two peak values. In this experiment, fly ash particles can be found a bit larger than MgO particles. And the color of fly ash is darker than MgO, MgO is white. In addition, it can be seen in figure 1 that the start point of MgO particles is much higher than fly ash particles. Because of influence of the distribution and size, the cyclone efficiency of fly ash particles is a little bit higher than MgO particles in average. From Figure 1, it also can be seen that the number concentration of MgO particles firstly reach its peek value, and then the fly ash particles get its peak. Atmospheric particles obtain its peak value at almost the same time as fly ash particles. In the other hand, the distribution of the total number of MgO and fly ash particles is different, it can be seen from Figure 1 that as the diameter of MgO increase, the total number firstly increase, then go down, and then go up again. But the curve of fly ash does not have this phenomenon. Its curve only has one wave crest and compared with MgO, the number concentration of fly ash first get the value 0. In addition, it is worthy to note that the atmospheric particles curve almost has the same shape as fly ashs curve. The only big difference is that the atmospheric particles curve has a much higher peak value of number concentration. In the experiment, the particles escaping from the cyclone in the process might lose, which could influence the cyclone efficiency. Also, from this experiment, it can be found that there are some advantages of using cyclone method to calculate the efficiency. The first one is that temperature and pressure limitations are only dependent on the materials of construction; the second one, dry collection and disposal; and the third one is relatively small space requirements. However, there are some disadvantages of using cyclone. Firstly, it is unable to handle sticky or tacky materials. Secondly, high efficiency units might experience high pressure drops. In the industry, cyclone is normally for relatively big particles, and ESP or fabric filter is for smaller particles. Because in the atmosphere the toxic particles are generally smaller than fine particles, ESP and fabric filter should be used more than other instrument. The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is like a gravity settler or centrifugal separator, but electrostatic force drives the particles to the wall. It is effective on much smaller particles than the previous two devices.